{
  "_id": "6acdfb7da14063b82c3ade81",
  "Package": "PINstimation",
  "Type": "Package",
  "Version": "0.2.0",
  "Date": "2025-12-16",
  "Title": "Estimation of the Probability of Informed Trading",
  "Authors@R": "c(\nperson(\"Montasser\", \"Ghachem\",\nemail = \"montasser.ghachem@pinstimation.com\",\nrole = c(\"aut\", \"cre\", \"cph\"),\ncomment = c(\nORCID = \"0000-0001-6991-3316\"\n)\n),\nperson(\"Oguz\", \"Ersan\",\nemail = \"oguz.ersan@pinstimation.com\",\nrole = \"aut\",\ncomment = c(\nORCID = \"0000-0003-3135-5317\"\n)\n),\nperson(\"Alexandre\", \"Borentain\",\nemail = \"alexandre.borentain@pinstimation.com\",\nrole = \"ctb\",\n)\n)",
  "Maintainer": "Montasser Ghachem <montasser.ghachem@pinstimation.com>",
  "Description": "A comprehensive bundle of utilities for the estimation of\nprobability of informed trading models: original PIN in Easley\nand O'Hara (1992) and Easley et al. (1996); Multilayer PIN\n(MPIN) in Ersan (2016); Adjusted PIN (AdjPIN) in Duarte and\nYoung (2009); and volume-synchronized PIN (VPIN) in Easley et\nal. (2011, 2012). Implementations of various estimation methods\nsuggested in the literature are included. Additional compelling\nfeatures comprise posterior probabilities, an implementation of\nan expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, and PIN\ndecomposition into layers, and into bad/good components.\nVersatile data simulation tools, and trade classification\nalgorithms are among the supplementary utilities. The package\nprovides fast, compact, and precise utilities to tackle the\nsophisticated, error-prone, and time-consuming estimation\nprocedure of informed trading, and this solely using the raw\ntrade-level data.",
  "URL": "https://www.pinstimation.com,\nhttps://github.com/monty-se/PINstimation",
  "BugReports": "https://github.com/monty-se/PINstimation/issues",
  "License": "GPL (>= 3)",
  "Encoding": "UTF-8",
  "LazyData": "true",
  "LazyDataCompression": "xz",
  "RoxygenNote": "7.3.2",
  "Roxygen": "list(markdown = TRUE)",
  "VignetteBuilder": "knitr",
  "RdMacros": "Rdpack",
  "Language": "en-US",
  "Config/pak/sysreqs": "cmake make libicu-dev libuv1-dev",
  "Repository": "https://monty-se.r-universe.dev",
  "Date/Publication": "2025-12-17 17:37:19 UTC",
  "RemoteUrl": "https://github.com/monty-se/pinstimation",
  "RemoteRef": "HEAD",
  "RemoteSha": "ac6a46340d796292c6dfe75789a7656412298dc0",
  "NeedsCompilation": "no",
  "Packaged": {
    "Date": "2026-10-13 09:22:31 UTC",
    "User": "root"
  },
  "Author": "Montasser Ghachem [aut, cre, cph] (ORCID:\n<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6991-3316>),\nOguz Ersan [aut] (ORCID: <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-5317>),\nAlexandre Borentain [ctb]",
  "_user": "monty-se",
  "_type": "src",
  "_file": "PINstimation_0.2.0.tar.gz",
  "_fileid": "https://r2.ropensci.org/7123d471978f1f8646abd26aef86fd0f171c6224ba8a1ee8dc5d6aeb77046db8",
  "_filesize": 2137025,
  "_sha256": "7123d471978f1f8646abd26aef86fd0f171c6224ba8a1ee8dc5d6aeb77046db8",
  "_expires": "2027-01-21T09:35:55.000Z",
  "_created": "2026-10-13T09:22:31.000Z",
  "_published": "2026-10-13T09:35:57.684Z",
  "_buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/monty-se/actions/runs/38375127798",
  "_status": "success",
  "_host": "GitHub-Actions",
  "_jobs": [
    {
      "job": 115224025883,
      "time": 152,
      "config": "linux-devel-x86_64",
      "r": "4.7.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "11801860482"
    },
    {
      "job": 115224026080,
      "time": 171,
      "config": "linux-release-x86_64",
      "r": "4.6.1",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "11801017705"
    },
    {
      "job": 115224025691,
      "time": 190,
      "config": "macos-oldrel-arm64",
      "r": "4.5.3",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "11801757462"
    },
    {
      "job": 115224025811,
      "time": 216,
      "config": "macos-release-arm64",
      "r": "4.6.1",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "11802021575"
    },
    {
      "job": 115221646847,
      "time": 358,
      "config": "source",
      "r": "4.6.1",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "11801291351"
    },
    {
      "job": 115224025750,
      "time": 108,
      "config": "wasm-release",
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "11800803546"
    },
    {
      "job": 115224025890,
      "time": 162,
      "config": "windows-devel-x86_64",
      "r": "4.7.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "11801187333"
    },
    {
      "job": 115224025823,
      "time": 121,
      "config": "windows-oldrel-x86_64",
      "r": "4.5.3",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "11801296750"
    },
    {
      "job": 115224025720,
      "time": 118,
      "config": "windows-release-x86_64",
      "r": "4.6.1",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "11800822513"
    }
  ],
  "_upstream": "https://github.com/monty-se/pinstimation",
  "_commit": {
    "id": "ac6a46340d796292c6dfe75789a7656412298dc0",
    "author": "Montasser Ghachem <37964692+monty-se@users.noreply.github.com>",
    "committer": "Montasser Ghachem <37964692+monty-se@users.noreply.github.com>",
    "message": "docs(cran): address CRAN notes and reduce check time\n\n- README: replace GNU GPLv3 link with CRAN GPL-3 license page.\n- DESCRIPTION: simplify Authors@R (remove bios, keep ORCID) to avoid Author/Authors@R mismatch NOTE.\n- Examples: mark long-running help-page examples as not run by default and/or reduce example workload (`trade_classification`, `vpin_measures`) to improve CRAN check time.\n- Vignettes: reduce computation to speed up vignette rebuild time (~5.5 minutes).\n- CRAN-comments.md: update notes explaining remaining NOTEs, including spell-check flags for proper names and technical terms.\n",
    "time": 1765993039
  },
  "_maintainer": {
    "name": "Montasser Ghachem",
    "email": "montasser.ghachem@pinstimation.com",
    "login": "monty-se",
    "description": "Researcher in Economics, and Finance, enthusiast for statistics, programming, and writing. Based in Sweden.",
    "uuid": 37964692,
    "orcid": "0000-0001-6991-3316"
  },
  "_distro": "resolute",
  "_registered": true,
  "_dependencies": [
    {
      "package": "R",
      "version": ">= 3.5.0",
      "role": "Depends"
    },
    {
      "package": "Rdpack",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "knitr",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "methods",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "skellam",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "nloptr",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "furrr",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "future",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "dplyr",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "rmarkdown",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "coda",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "magrittr",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "tidyr",
      "role": "Imports"
    },
    {
      "package": "fansi",
      "role": "Suggests"
    },
    {
      "package": "htmltools",
      "role": "Suggests"
    }
  ],
  "_owner": "monty-se",
  "_selfowned": true,
  "_usedby": 0,
  "_updates": [
    {
      "week": "2025-51",
      "n": 24
    }
  ],
  "_tags": [
    {
      "name": "v0.2.0",
      "date": "2025-12-17"
    }
  ],
  "_topics": [
    "clustering-analysis",
    "expectation-maximisation-algorithm",
    "hierarchical-clustering",
    "information-asymmetry",
    "market-microstructure",
    "maximum-likelihood-estimation",
    "mixture-distributions",
    "poisson-distribution"
  ],
  "_stars": 42,
  "_contributors": [
    {
      "user": "monty-se",
      "count": 145,
      "uuid": 37964692
    }
  ],
  "_userbio": {
    "uuid": 37964692,
    "type": "user",
    "name": "Montasser Ghachem",
    "followers": 6,
    "description": "Researcher in Economics, and Finance, enthusiast for statistics, programming, and writing. Based in Sweden."
  },
  "_downloads": {
    "count": 361,
    "source": "https://cranlogs.r-pkg.org/downloads/total/last-month/PINstimation"
  },
  "_devurl": "https://github.com/monty-se/pinstimation",
  "_pkgdown": "https://www.pinstimation.com",
  "_searchresults": 15,
  "_rbuild": "4.6.1",
  "_assets": [
    "extra/citation.cff",
    "extra/citation.html",
    "extra/citation.json",
    "extra/citation.txt",
    "extra/contents.json",
    "extra/manual.pdf",
    "extra/NEWS.html",
    "extra/NEWS.txt",
    "extra/PINstimation.html",
    "extra/readme.html",
    "extra/readme.md"
  ],
  "_homeurl": "https://github.com/monty-se/pinstimation",
  "_realowner": "monty-se",
  "_cranurl": true,
  "_releases": [
    {
      "version": "0.1.0",
      "date": "2022-05-27"
    },
    {
      "version": "0.1.1",
      "date": "2022-10-19"
    },
    {
      "version": "0.1.2",
      "date": "2023-03-21"
    },
    {
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "date": "2025-12-17"
    }
  ],
  "_exports": [
    "adjpin",
    "aggregate_trades",
    "classify_trades",
    "detectlayers_e",
    "detectlayers_ecm",
    "detectlayers_eg",
    "fact_adjpin",
    "fact_mpin",
    "fact_pin_e",
    "fact_pin_eho",
    "fact_pin_lk",
    "generatedata_adjpin",
    "generatedata_mpin",
    "get_posteriors",
    "getSummary",
    "initials_adjpin",
    "initials_adjpin_cl",
    "initials_adjpin_rnd",
    "initials_mpin",
    "initials_pin_ea",
    "initials_pin_gwj",
    "initials_pin_yz",
    "ivpin",
    "mpin_ecm",
    "mpin_ml",
    "pin",
    "pin_bayes",
    "pin_ea",
    "pin_gwj",
    "pin_yz",
    "selectModel",
    "set_display_digits",
    "show",
    "vpin"
  ],
  "_datasets": [
    {
      "name": "dailytrades",
      "title": "Example of quarterly data",
      "object": "dailytrades",
      "class": [
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "B",
        "S"
      ],
      "rows": 60,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "hfdata",
      "title": "High-frequency trade-data",
      "object": "hfdata",
      "class": [
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "timestamp",
        "price",
        "volume",
        "bid",
        "ask"
      ],
      "rows": 100000,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    }
  ],
  "_help": [
    {
      "page": "adjpin",
      "title": "Estimation of adjusted PIN model",
      "topics": [
        "adjpin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "dailytrades",
      "title": "Example of quarterly data",
      "topics": [
        "dailytrades"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "data.series-class",
      "title": "List of dataset objects",
      "topics": [
        "data.series-class",
        "show,data.series-method"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "dataset-class",
      "title": "Simulated data object",
      "topics": [
        "dataset-class",
        "show,dataset-method"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "detecting-layers",
      "title": "Layer detection in trade-data",
      "topics": [
        "detecting-layers",
        "detectlayers_e",
        "detectlayers_ecm",
        "detectlayers_eg"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "estimate.adjpin-class",
      "title": "AdjPIN estimation results",
      "topics": [
        "estimate.adjpin-class",
        "show,estimate.adjpin-method"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "estimate.mpin-class",
      "title": "MPIN estimation results",
      "topics": [
        "estimate.mpin-class",
        "show,estimate.mpin-method"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "estimate.mpin.ecm-class",
      "title": "MPIN estimation results (ECM)",
      "topics": [
        "estimate.mpin.ecm-class",
        "getSummary",
        "getSummary,estimate.mpin.ecm-method",
        "selectModel",
        "selectModel,estimate.mpin.ecm-method",
        "show,estimate.mpin.ecm-method"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "estimate.pin-class",
      "title": "PIN estimation results",
      "topics": [
        "estimate.pin-class",
        "show,estimate.pin-method"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "estimate.vpin-class",
      "title": "VPIN estimation results",
      "topics": [
        "estimate.vpin-class",
        "show,estimate.vpin-method"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "factorizations",
      "title": "Factorizations of the different PIN likelihood functions",
      "topics": [
        "factorizations",
        "fact_adjpin",
        "fact_mpin",
        "fact_pin_e",
        "fact_pin_eho",
        "fact_pin_lk"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "generatedata_adjpin",
      "title": "Simulation of AdjPIN model data.",
      "topics": [
        "generatedata_adjpin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "generatedata_mpin",
      "title": "Simulation of MPIN model data",
      "topics": [
        "generatedata_mpin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "get_posteriors",
      "title": "Posterior probabilities for PIN and MPIN estimates",
      "topics": [
        "get_posteriors"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "hfdata",
      "title": "High-frequency trade-data",
      "topics": [
        "hfdata"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "initials_adjpin",
      "title": "AdjPIN initial parameter sets of Ersan & Ghachem (2022b)",
      "topics": [
        "initials_adjpin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "initials_adjpin_cl",
      "title": "AdjPIN initial parameter sets of Cheng and Lai (2021)",
      "topics": [
        "initials_adjpin_cl"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "initials_adjpin_rnd",
      "title": "AdjPIN random initial sets",
      "topics": [
        "initials_adjpin_rnd"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "initials_mpin",
      "title": "MPIN initial parameter sets of Ersan (2016)",
      "topics": [
        "initials_mpin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "initials_pin_ea",
      "title": "Initial parameter sets of Ersan & Alici (2016)",
      "topics": [
        "initials_pin_ea"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "initials_pin_gwj",
      "title": "Initial parameter set of Gan et al.(2015)",
      "topics": [
        "initials_pin_gwj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "initials_pin_yz",
      "title": "Initial parameter sets of Yan and Zhang (2012)",
      "topics": [
        "initials_pin_yz"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "mpin_ecm",
      "title": "MPIN model estimation via an ECM algorithm",
      "topics": [
        "mpin_ecm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "mpin_ml",
      "title": "MPIN model estimation via standard ML methods",
      "topics": [
        "mpin_ml"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "pin",
      "title": "PIN estimation - custom initial parameter sets",
      "topics": [
        "pin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "pin_bayes",
      "title": "PIN estimation - Bayesian approach",
      "topics": [
        "pin_bayes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "pin_ea",
      "title": "PIN estimation - initial parameter sets of Ersan & Alici (2016)",
      "topics": [
        "pin_ea"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "pin_gwj",
      "title": "PIN estimation - initial parameter set of Gan et al. (2015)",
      "topics": [
        "pin_gwj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "pin_yz",
      "title": "PIN estimation - initial parameter sets of Yan & Zhang (2012)",
      "topics": [
        "pin_yz"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "set_display_digits",
      "title": "Package-wide number of digits",
      "topics": [
        "set_display_digits"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "trade_classification",
      "title": "Classification and aggregation of high-frequency data",
      "topics": [
        "aggregate_trades",
        "classify_trades",
        "trade_classification"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "vpin_measures",
      "title": "Estimation of Volume-Synchronized PIN model (vpin) and the improved volume-synchronized PIN model (ivpin)",
      "topics": [
        "ivpin",
        "vpin",
        "vpin_measures"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "_readme": "https://github.com/monty-se/pinstimation/raw/HEAD/README.md",
  "_rundeps": [
    "base64enc",
    "bslib",
    "cachem",
    "cli",
    "coda",
    "codetools",
    "cpp11",
    "digest",
    "dplyr",
    "evaluate",
    "fastmap",
    "fontawesome",
    "fs",
    "furrr",
    "future",
    "generics",
    "globals",
    "glue",
    "highr",
    "htmltools",
    "jquerylib",
    "jsonlite",
    "knitr",
    "lattice",
    "lifecycle",
    "listenv",
    "magrittr",
    "memoise",
    "mime",
    "nloptr",
    "parallelly",
    "pillar",
    "pkgconfig",
    "purrr",
    "R6",
    "rappdirs",
    "rbibutils",
    "Rdpack",
    "rlang",
    "rmarkdown",
    "sass",
    "skellam",
    "stringi",
    "stringr",
    "tibble",
    "tidyr",
    "tidyselect",
    "tinytex",
    "utf8",
    "vctrs",
    "withr",
    "xfun",
    "yaml"
  ],
  "_vignettes": [
    {
      "source": "PINstimation.rmd",
      "filename": "PINstimation.html",
      "title": "Get started",
      "engine": "knitr::rmarkdown",
      "headings": [
        "Overview",
        "Installation",
        "Note to frequent users",
        "Usage examples",
        "Example 1: Estimate the PIN model",
        "Example 2: Estimate the Multilayer PIN model",
        "Example 3: Estimate the Adjusted PIN model",
        "Example 4: Estimate the Volume-adjusted PIN model",
        "Example 5: Estimate the AdjPIN model using aggregated high-frequency data",
        "Getting help"
      ],
      "created": "2022-05-24 13:49:55",
      "modified": "2025-12-17 17:37:19",
      "commits": 13
    },
    {
      "source": "parallel_processing.rmd",
      "filename": "parallel_processing.html",
      "title": "Parallel Processing",
      "engine": "knitr::rmarkdown",
      "headings": [
        "Overview",
        "Parallel processing with PINstimation",
        "Option 1: Number of cores used",
        "Option 2: Threshold of initial parameter sets",
        "Illustrative Example",
        "Sequential processing",
        "Parallel processing | number of sets below the threshold",
        "Parallel processing | number of sets above the threshold",
        "Getting help"
      ],
      "created": "2022-05-24 13:49:55",
      "modified": "2025-12-17 17:37:19",
      "commits": 9
    },
    {
      "source": "sample_datasets.rmd",
      "filename": "sample_datasets.html",
      "title": "Sample datasets",
      "engine": "knitr::rmarkdown",
      "headings": [
        "Overview",
        "Sample datasets for the PIN model",
        "Sample datasets for the MPIN model",
        "Sample datasets for the ADJPIN model",
        "Getting help"
      ],
      "created": "2022-10-19 15:41:17",
      "modified": "2025-12-17 17:37:19",
      "commits": 2
    }
  ],
  "_score": 5.9754318085092635,
  "_indexed": true,
  "_nocasepkg": "pinstimation",
  "_universes": [
    "monty-se"
  ],
  "_binaries": [
    {
      "r": "4.7.0",
      "os": "linux",
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "date": "2026-10-13T09:24:39.000Z",
      "distro": "resolute",
      "commit": "ac6a46340d796292c6dfe75789a7656412298dc0",
      "fileid": "https://r2.ropensci.org/c7751016b4a3d1b4cfb719e896684235383fe26c8396ea7a46c7b2c2854d59d7",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/monty-se/actions/runs/38375127798"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.6.1",
      "os": "linux",
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "date": "2026-10-13T09:24:48.000Z",
      "distro": "resolute",
      "commit": "ac6a46340d796292c6dfe75789a7656412298dc0",
      "fileid": "https://r2.ropensci.org/37c2e591d4414067ab8b11b08f76aa2ce77f96ce6e571c8835dc37f4311ec531",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/monty-se/actions/runs/38375127798"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.5.3",
      "os": "mac",
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "date": "2026-10-13T09:31:26.000Z",
      "commit": "ac6a46340d796292c6dfe75789a7656412298dc0",
      "fileid": "https://r2.ropensci.org/24291024ae3918bc0408c0a03e5d5dc2ac74efc01a1d8e09d361614fb016fb70",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/monty-se/actions/runs/38375127798"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.6.1",
      "os": "mac",
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "date": "2026-10-13T09:34:11.000Z",
      "commit": "ac6a46340d796292c6dfe75789a7656412298dc0",
      "fileid": "https://r2.ropensci.org/7dafdf010aca30e498ce4c50cb2064b0b4f6f61346383638a04d4f7d508a8e4f",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/monty-se/actions/runs/38375127798"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "os": "wasm",
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "date": "2026-10-13T09:24:38.000Z",
      "commit": "ac6a46340d796292c6dfe75789a7656412298dc0",
      "fileid": "https://r2.ropensci.org/ddd2607e0a69763a6496c5f1cf0a5c3209617208b068fcf3c022b18634a63b13",
      "status": "success",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/monty-se/actions/runs/38375127798"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.7.0",
      "os": "win",
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "date": "2026-10-13T09:24:02.000Z",
      "commit": "ac6a46340d796292c6dfe75789a7656412298dc0",
      "fileid": "https://r2.ropensci.org/4dedb13dae678aafa7765da7edfe50ad3971d4225a122cc05c457e60e66cc9d6",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/monty-se/actions/runs/38375127798"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.5.3",
      "os": "win",
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "date": "2026-10-13T09:23:44.000Z",
      "commit": "ac6a46340d796292c6dfe75789a7656412298dc0",
      "fileid": "https://r2.ropensci.org/b62564251001cbca4768ad9ef5325ea147e54505522d5132016017295e7290d0",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/monty-se/actions/runs/38375127798"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.6.1",
      "os": "win",
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "date": "2026-10-13T09:23:43.000Z",
      "commit": "ac6a46340d796292c6dfe75789a7656412298dc0",
      "fileid": "https://r2.ropensci.org/bfe388f869ce5c4baa1b23525631ac4f3ec295ea87658e86041e924ab3cee038",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/monty-se/actions/runs/38375127798"
    }
  ]
}